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Modern economic POTENTIAL OF UKRAINE | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Plant growingIn general a rising trend in harvests has been seen over the last few years. A significant increase of production volumes was fixed in the sector in 2004 against the results of 2003. Meanwhile, gross output of plant growing in 2005 dropped by 2.5% compared to 2004, with falls of 3.7% on commercial farms and 1.4% on personal farms. Cash crops in 2005 were sown over an area of 26.0 mn ha, which is 2.7% less than in 2004. Commercial farms utilized 18.4 mn ha (70.7%) of lands. Grain crops, sunflower, and sugar beet were the most popular plants grown. They constituted a 75-80% share in commercial companies. Indices of main agricultural crops’ production over 2000-2005
* Preliminary information Commercial enterprises are still the main producers of grain crops, sunflower, and sugar beet, growing 72-84% of the plants, while personal farms produce 80-99% of fruits, berries, vegetables, and potatoes. It should be noted that the share of personal farms in the total production of grain crops, sugar beet, and sunflower has grown considerably since the beginning of land privatization and keeps increasing. The state of farm equipment in Ukraine has significantly deteriorated over the years of independence. Specifically, the number of tractors in agricultural farms amounted to approximately 178 ths. machines as of the beginning of 2006 with 137 ths. in working order, trucks – 137.5 ths. (96.5 ths. working), sowing machines – 86.3 ths. (65.8 ths.), ploughs – 71.5 ths. (58 ths.), and cultivators – 100.6 ths. (77.5 ths.). The amount of applied mineral fertilizers over the last years started to grow, though it is still rather low. In particular, 29 kg fertilizers were applied per 1 ha of crops in 2004, whereas in 1990 the figure was approximately 141 kg. The production of certain kinds of agricultural output significantly exceeds the level of domestic consumption and the needs of the processing industry in particular. This surplus is usually exported. Grain and sunflower seeds are the most significant exports, along with processed plant products. Dynamics of main commercial crop output export (ths. tons)
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